Organ



Jan. 3, 1928.

C. F. WINDER ORGAN Filed Noy. $0. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

- (770/225 F W/hde T' ATTORNEYS.

Jan. 3, 1928. 1,654,626

- C. F. WINDER .ORGAN Filed Nov. 30. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mwwazza wm xwa ATTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,654,626 PATENT orrice.

CHARLES WINDER, OF HOLLYWOOD, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO. THE SYMPHONAER (10., A. CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

ORGAN.

' Application filed November 30, 1925. Serial no. 72,213.

This invention relates to organs, and pan ticularly to means for controlling the expression or swell of an organ. At the pres ent time the expression of an organ is se cured by what are known as Venetian shutters which are opened either separately or collectively. These Venetian shutters, however, by opening at an angle throw the tone to one side of an auditorium rather than directly into the auditorium. I

My invention has for an object the provision of expression control means which throws the tone from the organ chamber directly in front. One bad feature of present shutters as now used in organs is due to what may be termed distortion or out-of-tune of the various organ pipes, due to the fact that there is always a difierence 1n temperature betwen the auditorium into whlch the music is projected and the organ chamber, with the consequence that when the expression shutters are opened cooler air from the auditorium enters into the organ chamber and throws portions of the organ pipes out of tune. This is particularly true Where certain of the organ pipes are not susceptible to immediate change of temperature.

A further object of my invention is the provision of swell or expression control means which allows for equal temperature between the auditorium and the organ chamher, and yet at the same time fully controls the swell crescendo effect.

Another object is the provision of a swell or expression control means which is simple of construction, positive and rapid in action and which is generally superior.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel and useful provision, formation, construction, association and relative arrangement of parts, members and features, all as shown in certain eu'ibodiments in the accompanying drawings, described generally and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a rear elevation of the front of an organ chamber incorporating-the inven tion;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary cross sectional view of a portion of the invention, taken on the line 2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevation of one of theexpression shutters used in prac ticing the invention;

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of one of the expression shutters;

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view of three of the expression shutters taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the expression shutters and control means therefor;

Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of a certain type of motor which may be used for operating the expression shutters;

Figure 8 1S a cross sectional view of the shutter drum and showing one of the shutters associatedtherewith; Figure 9 IS a fragmentary elevation of'the shutters and drum; and, p 7

Figure 10 is a plan view of a series of such shutters and operating means therefor; Figures 8, 9 and 10 being modifications of the shutter control mechanism. 7

Corresponding parts in all the figures are designated by the same reference characters.

Referring with particularity to the drawings, the improved expression control means is designated as an entirety in one embodiment by A, of which a designates the shutters and b means for controlling movement of the shutters a. The shutters control the expression. or swell effect of an organ, and to this end 0 represents an organ chamber having top and bottom walls 1 and 2 respectively, as well as side walls 3 and a front wall 4 ]O1D.8Cl with the top, bottom and side walls.

' The front wall is provided with a substan- 8, with each part thereof spaced apart to provide two chambers 9 and 10. The wall members of the shutter are carried by a base member 11 which is shouldered at 12 and 13 to hold and secure the walls 6 and 8 respectively, and which base member is likewise slotted or grooved at 1st to receive the wall 7. The opposite end of such wall is carried by a top member 15 which is formed the sameas the bottom member 11 and as a result the same reference characters will apply. The top surface of the member is curved as shown at 16 to correspond with the curvature of the opening and such top member has projecting therefrom interi'nediatc its length and width a pivot pin 17 which is received in a. socket or opening 18 in the frame-work 19 surrounding the opening 5 of the tront wall -t ot the organ chamber. The member 11 is provided likewise withv a pivot pin 20 intermediate its length and width. A drum 21 has its peripheral member 22 provided with a series of spaced transverse bores 23 within which is received the pin or pins 20. The shutter control means I) includes in one embodiment of the invention a bevel gear 24 keyed to or otherwise secured to the pin 20. Received within the drum and adapted to mesh with the teeth of the gear 2-1; or series of such gears a gear 25 which is keyed or otherwise secured to a shalt 26. the sha'tt having a bearing in the Front wall 27 ot the drum as shown at 528, and with the opposite end portion of said shalt secured to a. crank arm 29. If we assume a pluralitv ot' the shutters a all pivotally mounted to the drum 27 with the said shutters and drun'i received in the opening 5, we may support the said shutters and shntter-operating mechanism in the position atoresaid, by a suitable standard (Z comprising in the present instance two uprights 30 and 311. which are braced by means 32 and 33 with a liiearing piece 34: between such uprights. A sleeve is carried on the shaft 26 and received within an opening ot the cross-piece 36. Endwise movement of this sleeve relative to the crosspiece is prevented by a collar 37 adapted to be locked to the sleeve, all as shown in Fig. 2. The arm 29 in turn may be connected to a link or arm 38 for controlling rotation or movement of the arm 29. As each shutter is pivoted both at top and bottom movement ot the arm 29 will produce rotary movement of the gear 53: and. in turn move the individual shutters 2 about their pivot axes. As I have pointed out, an auditorium is always of a ditlerent temperature from the temperature in the organ chamber, with the result that when the expression shutters are open the cooler air from the auditorii'in'i will enter into the organ chamber and those pipes in the organ chandler not susceptible to immediate change of temperature, will be out of tune. To overcome this l: have pertorated the dillercnt walls. (5, T am 8 o'l' each shutter. as shown in Figure -l. and the said perforations in each wall are in staggered relation to the next adiatrnt wall. with the re. suit that sound from within the organ chain-- her is not permitted to escape with an volnine past the shutters when the shutters are all closed. This arrangement of the shutters permits thecooler air of the aiulitoriuin to enter through the said pert'oratiom in the shutter ails, into the organ chamber and maintain an equal tei'nperaturc or ap proxiniately equal ten'lperature between said auditorium and said organ chamber.

In Figure 5 I have illustrated a method of cutting the sides oil. the walls of the different shutters whereb they may readily swing apart to open or close the shutters, and at the same time permit little or no sound to escape between adjacent wall sides. This aecolruplished by slanting the edge of the wall 6 at one end thercol". as shown at 4:0. The intermediate wall is straight sided while the wall 8 has one side or edge thereof slanted as shown at 4-.1. By slanting I mean that. the edge or edges are at an angle other than right angles to the sides of the wall or walls. The general apf iearance in top plan as Figure shows. a. conventional letter 8 between the arious edges. This method of forn'iing the walls acts. as has been stated, as a sound trap.

In Figure 6 I have shown a series of shut ters mounted upon the drum 7). and the arm or link 38 is directly connected to one of a series of pneumatic motors m. These motors take the form shown in Figure 7 in which each motor is provided with a disc and with a flexible portion or a bellows 5]. ii'iter-comiecting two of such discs. The discs are provided with ports 32 which open outwardly oi. the disc and likewise in wardly 01' the bellows, and a tube or tubes 53 associated with the discs and the port or ports permit air to be "Forced between the discs to expand the bellows and thereby move the discs relatively or to allow air to be exhausted from the bellows which will permit the bellows to collapse... this collapsion being aided by a. spring or the like associated with the link or arm The link or arm has a pivot hearing at 5 t and with a second portion of said link or arm passed through a guide 55. The disc i. the lirst motor m would be connected to the arm or link and the last motor would have its disc associated with an abutment. lVhen the link or arm moves outwardly the gear 253 will rotate the pinion gears 2t to move the slnittcrs as shown in Figure 6.

A modified form of the shutter device is shown in Figu es 8, 9 and 1.0, and does not ditl'er essentiallw from the device just described. the shutters being the 1e, and the main ditl'erence beingthat the pivot pins 20 tor each shutter are not n-oridial with gears 24. In the present torni ol' the invention which I designate as an entiret b v ll each shutter a at the base thereof. is provided with an arm portion (30, and links (ll. pivotaltv interconnect such arm portions. ()ne oi such arm portions (i2 is enlarged and direct connection with the link 38. .i principle of operation is the same as for t form 13 tor when the link 38 is moved to move the arm shown at 62 the links 61 move luii the arms 60 to open or close the shutters.

The advantage of shutter arrangement as disclosed by this invention will be apparent to musicians, in that the tone is permitted to escape from the organ chamber directly into the auditorium. The ordinary form of shutter as now used throws the tone to one side of the auditorium. The general efi'ect of the arrangement of the walls of each independent shutter is, when the shutters are closed, that of two open rooms between the organ chamber and the auditorium. This gives a crescendo effect not possible with any other kind of shutter. Of courseother means may be resorted to to equalize the temperature between the organ room and the auditorium, but the method herein shown is simple and very eflective. A fine can be arranged in the organ chamber to draw in the air if de sired.

It is obvious that various changes and modifications may be made in practicing the invention, in departure from the particular showing of the drawings, without departing from the true spirit of the invention.

Having thus disclosed my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. Improvements of the character disclosed, comprising an organ chamber having an opening through which sound is adapted to be emitted from the organ chamber, and shutter mechanism confined in said opening, said opening being substantially circular; said shutter mechanism in cluding a plurality of shutters arranged in circular formation; said shutters being formed to permit temperature equalization between the interior of the organ chamber and the exterior thereof. 1

2. Improvements in organs, including means for controlling the crescendo effect thereof, comprising a shutter provided with two spaced wall members.

3. Improvements in organs, including; means for controlling the crescendo effect thereof, comprising a shutter provided with two spaced wall members, and means for moving the said shutter.

4. Improvements in organs having an organ chamber, and means for controlling the crescendo effect between said organ chamber and an auditorium, said means comprising a shutter between said organ chamber and auditorium, said shutter being provided with two spaced wall members and mechanism for moving said shutter.

Improvements in organs having an organ chamber, a chamber exterior the organ chamber within which music is to be projected from the organ chamber, and means between the organ chamber and the second named chamber for controlling the crescendo effect from the organ chamber, said means comprising a shutter formed with a plurality of spaced wall portions, said walls of the shutters being provided with perforations whereby there may be an equalization of temperature between the organ chamber and the chamber exterior thereof.

6. Improvements in organs having an organ chamber, a chamber exterior the organ chamber within which music is to be projected from the organ chamber, and means between the organ chamber and the second named chamber for controlling the crescendo eifect from the organ chamber, said means comprising a shutter formed with a plurality of spaced wallportions, said walls of the shutters being provided with perforations whereby there may be an equalization of temperature between the organ chamber and the chamber exterior thereof; said shutters being arranged in circular formation when closed, and mechanism for moving the said shutters to open and close the same.

7 Improvements in organs having an organ chamber, a chamber exterior the organ chamber within which music is to be projected from the organ chamber, and means between the organ chamber and the second named chamber for controlling the crescendo eilectfrom the organ chamber, said means comprising a shutter formed with a plurality of spaced wall portions, said walls of the shutters being provided with perforations whereb-y there may be an equalization of temperature between the organ chamber and the chamber exterior thereof; said shutters being arranged in circular formation when closed, and mechanism for moving the said shutters to open and close the same; said mechanism including a motor, and mechanism inter-connecting the motor with the shutters whereby upon movement of the motor the shutters are simultaneously moved.

8. Improvements in shutters for organs,

comprising a drum, a plurality of shutters rotatably mounted upon said drum, said shutters when revolved in one direction cooperating to form a wall.

9. In organ devices as disclosed, a shutter provided with two spaced walls,

10. In organ devicesas disclosed, a shutterprovided with two spaced walls, said walls having perforations therein, the perforations in one wall being in staggered relation relative to the perforations in the other wall.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

CHARLES F \VINDER. 

